Mixed Louver Spiral Fin

ABSTRACT

The mixed louver spiral fin is a development of the conventional spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger having louvers at the surface of the fin. Louvers are made on the fin surface for enhancing heat transfer performance. The louvers made are perpendicular and parallel with the radius of the fin. The mixed louver spiral fin can be used for building heat exchangers with heat exchange between fluids, such as gas, liquid, or gas-liquid two phases or application in heat exchangers for waste heat recovery.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Mixed louver spiral fin can enhance the heat transfer performance of fin-and-tube heat exchangers, and is related to fluid mechanics, heat transfer, refrigeration, and air-conditioning.

BACKGROUND ART

Abundance of the nation's natural resources has decreased because humans have required energy from fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuel is used to excess. Thus the pollution from using energy will lead to global warming. Therefore, countries are increasingly aware of the urgent need for energy-efficiency improvements. For this reason, heat exchangers are studied and improved for enhanced heat transfer performance. The literature review showed that scientists and researchers have interest in the research problems related to heat exchangers for enhancing heat transfer. Presently, the geometry of the heat exchanger for use in limited space is increasingly important. Thus, the heat exchanger's design is a challenging subject for further investigation in order to improve technology. The economizer is a heat exchanger used in many industrial applications. An economizer can improve cost savings by waste heat recovery. It is a spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger. The spiral fin is a surface that extends from the tube to increase heat transfer surface area. Hence, the improvement and development of a spiral fin for heat transfer enhancement is the aim of researchers. A thermal system's increased energy efficiency will have a significant effect on increasing heat transfer performance of heat exchangers. Moreover, it will lead to a more compact heat exchanger for limited space applications, which reduces cost of manufacture. Therefore, the spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger for high heat transfer performance will use the optimal type of louver spiral fin, herein called a “Mixed Louver Spiral Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger”. Additionally, this kind of louver spiral fin is used in the new types of heat exchangers. It will lead to innovation in economizer design in the twenty-first century to respond to world energy consumption.

The energy crisis is one motivation for improvement of energy efficiency in industrial applications. Therefore, the research about the heat exchanger improvement has a significant effect on studying heat transfer performance enhancement. Since a heat exchanger may consist of a tube and a fin, improving the fin patterns is one way to augment the heat transfer performance on the air side of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, the tube arrangement, type of working fluid, and material of the heat exchanger itself has significance for heat exchanger design. The spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger is the type of fin-and-tube heat exchanger favored in industrial application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This work will lead to enhanced heat transfer performance in a spiral finned tube heat exchanger. This type of heat exchanger is also commonly called an “Economizer” and is used in industrial sectors in waste heat recovery systems. The heat transfer between fluids can be enhanced by improving the fin patterns. The fin patterns have a significant effect on the flow characteristics of fluid passing through the heat exchanger. The flow characteristics can enhance the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger. However, it should be noted that an increasing pressure drop will occur.

This work is an improvement of a conventional spiral fin, which can be built as a louver on the fin surface. Hence, it is innovation of spiral fin design. The new kind of spiral fin is called “Mixed Louver Spiral Fin”, which will enhance air-side heat transfer performance. This louver spiral fin will provide heat transfer enhancement. For increasing energy efficiency in thermal processes such as air-conditioning, refrigeration, and waste heat recovery, the mixed louver spiral fin disclosed herein has an innovatively designed spiral fin. The mixed louver spiral fin will be a foundation of spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger design in the future for improving energy efficiency. In addition, it can be noted that mixed louver spiral fin will lead to compact heat exchangers for use in limited space applications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 Spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger

FIG. 2 Conventional spiral finned tube

FIG. 3 Schematic diagram for tube, conventional spiral fin, and conventional spiral finned tube

FIG. 4 Mixed louver spiral fin

FIG. 5 Cross section of A-A and B-B of mixed louver spiral fin

FIG. 6 Louver sets for mixed louver spiral fin

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The spiral fin is consistent with use with a tube, assembled as a unit to form the heat exchanger, as seen in FIG. 1. It shows the spiral fin-and-tube heat exchanger for heat exchange between fluids, which is called an “Economizer,” for use in waste heat recovery applications.

FIG. 2 shows the components of a conventional spiral finned tube, which has a tube (1) having cylindrical shape for conveying the working fluid, and a conventional spiral fin (2) wherein the plate is covering the tube in a helical formation along the tube (1). The spiral fin increases the surface area thereby increasing the heat transfer performance. The conventional spiral fin (2) is made from materials, such as steel, copper, brass, aluminum, stainless steel, or the like, which can be formed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a tube (1), conventional spiral fin (2), and conventional spiral finned tube. The conventional spiral finned tube has dimensions including fin height (a), outside diameter (b), inside diameter (c), fin pitch (d), and fin thickness (e). For (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e), all parameters are reasonable values for manufacture.

FIG. 4 shows two perspective views of the mixed louver spiral fin disclosed herein. First a surface like a conventional spiral fin (2) is made by using a punching machine on the fin surface, which is also punched to cut the louver shape. FIG. 4A shows how louvers (f) and louvers (h) are positioned on the fin surface for enhancing heat transfer performance, which is perpendicular and parallel with the radius of fin (g), respectively. Moreover, the louver (f) and louver (h) may be formed in louver sets (m) and (n), respectively as shown in FIG. 4B. FIG. 4B shows a mixed louver spiral fin, which comprises louver sets (m) of 4 groups in the example shown (i.e., m₁, m₂, m₃, and m₄) and louver sets (n) of 4 groups in the example shown (i.e., n₁, n₂, n₃, and n₄) where each set of louvers (m) comprises a fixed number of louvers (f), in the example shown there are 2 louvers (i.e., f₁ and f₂) in each set (m) and where each set of louvers (n) comprises a fixed number of louvers (h) totaling 8 in the example shown (i.e., h₁, h₂, h₃, h₄,h₅, h₆, h₇ and h₈). Each louver has louver length in the plane of the spiral fin (j) and louver spacing (i) for protection during fin cutting. In particular, louvers (h) have louver length (r). It is found that louver spacing will depend on the angle θ, which is in the range between 0° to 90°. The angle θ decreases with an increasing number of louvers (h). Furthermore, the louver spacing (w) between louvers (h) and louvers (f) provides a space of protection (or tolerance) for cutting machines.

FIG. 5 shows cross sections of a mixed louver spiral fin along lines A-A and B-B indicated in the perspective view shown in FIG. 5A. The cross sections along lines A-A and B-B from FIG. 5A are seen in FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C, respectively. FIG. 5B shows the cross section A-A of mixed louver spiral fin, where angles β and α are indicated in the plane of louver tip (q), having louver length extending out from the plane of the spiral fin (p), angles β and α are measured from the vertical line, as seen in FIG. 5B. The effect of louver angles β and α will lead to heat transfer enhancement, because the louver width (k) generates turbulent flow and increases air flow passing through the louver channel, as β and α approach 90°. In addition, the louvers (f) and louvers (h) will increase the strength of the spiral fin structure. FIG. 5C shows the cross section B-B of mixed louver spiral fin, which indicates the louver thickness (t). It is found that the angle θ is related to the number of louvers (h), when the number of louvers (h) increases there is increasing turbulent flow. By varying parameters such as (i), (j), (k), (p), (q), (r), (s), (t), (θ), (β), and (α), the geometry of a mixed louver spiral fin may be confirmed under practical manufacturing conditions in industrial application.

As seen in FIG. 6, a mixed louver spiral fin has the louver sets (m), the number of louver sets M (m_(M)), and the number of layers of louver equal to F (f_(F)). Additionally, the mixed louver spiral fin also has the louver sets (n), the number of louver sets N (n_(N)), and the number of layers of louver equal to H (h_(H)), as shown in FIG. 6. Those parameters must be related to the fin height (a) of spiral fin (2), and can be used for manufacturing the heat exchanger for heat exchanging between the fluids, such as gas, liquid, or gas-liquid two phase mixtures, or application in the heat exchanger for waste heat recovery.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The mixed louver spiral fin disclosed herein is an innovative fin, which may be applied in industrial sectors such as the air conditioning and refrigeration industries and the like. The mixed louver spiral fin disclosed herein may be used to replace the conventional spiral fin. 

1. The mixed louver spiral fin is comprised: cylindrical tube (1) for conveying the working fluid, it has the outside diameter (b), inside diameter (c), and a conventional spiral fin contacting along the cylindrical tube and configured to increase heat transfer surface area for increasing heat transfer performance of the mixed louver spiral fin wherein the conventional spiral fin has geometrical dimensions as follows: fin height, fin pitch, and fin thickness and wherein the conventional spiral fin is made from steel, copper, brass, aluminum, stainless steel, or other materials which can be formed. and the special characteristics of the conventional spiral fin are louvers (f) and louvers (h) made on a fin surface for enhancing heat transfer performance, wherein louvers (f) and louvers (h) are perpendicular and parallel with a radius of fin, respectively and have louver spacing for protection during fin cutting and wherein a louver tip (q) has a louver wide length, louver width, louver thickness, and louver height length and angles of β and α present an angle of the louver tip line related to a vertical line for enhancing turbulence of air gas, or fluid, as passing the fin and values of the angles of β and α are in a range between 0° to 90° and the louvers (f) include louver sets (m), number of louver sets M (m_(M)), and number of layers of louver equal to F (f_(F)). and the louvers (h) include louver sets (n), number of louver sets N (n_(N)), and number of layers of louver as equal to H (h_(H)). and wherein addition louver spacing between louvers (h) and louvers (f) is space providing protection for cutting machines. and all parameters must be related to the fin height of the spiral fin and wherein θ is valued in a range between 0° to 90°.
 2. A spiral fin for a heat conduction tube, comprising: a surface configured to extend radially from the heat conduction tube, a first type of louvers punched into the surface in a first configuration perpendicular to a radius of the spiral fin, and a second type of louvers punched into the surface in a second configuration parallel to the radius of the spiral fin.
 3. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the spiral fin is formed from a formable material.
 4. The spiral fin of claim 3, wherein the formable material is selected from steel, copper, brass, aluminum, or stainless steel.
 5. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the first type of louvers comprises a first plurality of sets of first layers of louvers distributed around a circumference of the spiral fin and the second type of louvers comprises a second plurality of sets of second layers of louvers arranged between the first layers of louvers.
 6. The spiral fin of claim 5, wherein the first plurality is equal in number to the second plurality and wherein the first layers is equal in number to the second layers.
 7. The spiral fin of claim 6, wherein the surface extends to a predetermined fin height and the first plurality is proportional to the fin height.
 8. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the first type of louvers is separated from the second type of louvers by a predetermined louver spacing.
 9. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the first type of louvers comprises a first plurality of first pairs of louvers distributed around a circumference of the spiral fin and the second type of louvers comprises a second plurality of second pairs of louvers arranged between the first pairs of louvers, wherein the first plurality is equal in number to the second plurality.
 10. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the first type of louvers comprises a first plurality of first pairs of louvers distributed around a circumference of the spiral fin and the second type of louvers comprises a second plurality of second pairs of louvers arranged between the first pairs of louvers, wherein the first plurality is greater in number than the second plurality.
 11. The spiral fin of claim 2, wherein the first type of louvers comprises a first plurality of first pairs of louvers distributed around a circumference of the spiral fin and the second type of louvers comprises a second plurality of second pairs of louvers arranged between the first pairs of louvers, wherein the first plurality is lesser in number than the second plurality.
 12. A finned tube, comprising: a tube and a spiral fin attached thereto, wherein the spiral fin has a first type of louvers on a surface in a first configuration perpendicular to a radius of the spiral fin separated from a second type of louvers on the surface in a second configuration parallel to the radius of the spiral fin.
 13. The finned tube of claim 12, wherein the spiral fin is formed from a formable material selected from steel, copper, brass, aluminum, or stainless steel.
 14. The finned tube of claim 12, wherein the first configuration includes a first number of sets of a second number of layers of the first type of louvers distributed around a circumference of the spiral fin and the second configuration includes the first number of sets of the second number of layers of the second type of louvers arranged alternately between the sets of the first type louvers.
 15. The finned tube of claim 14, wherein the first number and the second number are maximized subject to practical manufacturing conditions and the first configuration includes a predetermined louver spacing between each layer of the first type of louvers and the second configuration includes a predetermined angle between each layer of the second type of louvers.
 16. The finned tube of claim 14, wherein the surface extends to a predetermined fin height and the second number of layers is proportional to the fin height.
 17. The finned tube of claim 16, wherein the first number of sets is proportional to the fin height.
 18. The finned tube of claim 12, wherein the first configuration includes at least one set of at least one layer of the first type of louvers and the second configuration includes at least one set of at least one layer of the second type of louvers.
 19. The finned tube of claim 18, wherein the first type of louvers is separated from the second type of louvers by a predetermined louver spacing.
 20. The finned tube of claim 12, wherein the first type of louvers and the second type of louvers are formed such that louver openings in the spiral fin generate turbulent flow and increase airflow therethrough. 